The house, in Dover Heights in Sydney's eastern suburbs, was doused with red paint while cars were sprayed with anti-Semitic phrases just before 4am Friday.
There have been no reports of injuries, police say.
"The NSW Police Force takes hate crimes seriously," a statement said on Friday.
The attack "isn't just an assault on Jews, it's an attack on all Australians", Zionist Federation of Australia CEO Alon Cassuto said.
"The October 7 terrorist attack and the subsequent war have unleashed unprecedented anti-Semitism in Australia which has fractured our social cohesion," he said.
"A ceasefire on the other side of the world won't stop this, our governments must act decisively at home to ensure Jewish Australians are safe."Â
Prime Minister Anthony Albanese has called the latest incident "another anti-Semitic attack that is against everything that we stand for".
"This is an outrage," he told ABC radio.
He welcomed the Australian Federal Police charging a man on Thursday with making death threats to members of a Jewish organisation.
"This is the first charges that have arisen from Special Operation Avalite that I established last month that continues to work to identify prolific anti-Semites causing high harm in the community," Mr Albanese said.
"That is why we set it up and it is good that these charges have been laid."
Treasurer Jim Chalmers called for leaders to try and bring people together following "a troubling rise in anti-Semitism".
"There's been a disgraceful unacceptable rise in anti-Semitism, we've seen a bit more of that in Sydney overnight," he said.
"We need to stamp it out wherever it exists and the government is playing a role in that."
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