President Nicolas Maduro's government blamed the outage, which began about 5am on Friday, on "electrical sabotage".
Communications Minister Freddy Nanez said officials were working to restore power.
"Nobody will take away our peace and tranquillity of the Venezuelan people," he wrote in a message shared with journalists on Telegram.
Venezuela in years past suffered from regular power outages that the government almost always blamed on its opponents, but that energy experts said were the result of brush fires damaging transmission lines and poor maintenance of the country's electrical infrastructure.
Many of the energy problems have subsided as the South American nation's economy has stabilised, high inflation has eased and a de facto dollarisation has reduced shortages of imported goods.
Still, following July's contested presidential election, officials are quick to blame opponents for even minor disruptions.
That was the case on Tuesday, when a brownout affected Caracas and several central states.
"This is a constant strategy of the opposition, the enemies of this country, to impact the population," Diosdado Cabello, the newly appointed interior minister who is believed to be the second most powerful man in the country, said after the earlier outage.
Residents of the capital were taking Friday's disruption in stride.
Traffic during the usually busy rush hour was lighter than usual and some people complained about being unable to communicate with family members due to a lack of mobile phone service.
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